Spatial Patterns of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic Across Municipalities in Brazil, 2020–2022
Resumo
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted Latin America, with Brazil facing particular challenges. The region has experienced high infection rates and an excess of deaths attributed to COVID-19 and related respiratory conditions. Accurately assessing the pandemic's effects on mortality and life expectancy is hindered by widespread underreporting, driven by initial diagnostic uncertainties and limited testing capacity. Additionally, a comprehensive investigation is needed to understand pandemic-induced mortality, encompassing both COVID-19-related fatalities and those resulting from healthcare system strain. This study focuses on the pandemic's mortality impact across Brazil's 5,500 municipalities, using a localized approach to capture regional nuances. We employ a robust framework, considering age, gender, regional, socioeconomic, demographic, health, and infrastructural factors. Our analysis, utilizing demographic methodologies and spatial techniques, examines temporal and spatial patterns in excess mortality on a monthly basis. This granular examination provides vital insights for targeted intervention strategies.
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